{"id":19955,"date":"2026-05-28T09:41:37","date_gmt":"2026-05-28T07:41:37","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.souteze.cz\/magazin\/?p=19955"},"modified":"2026-05-28T09:41:39","modified_gmt":"2026-05-28T07:41:39","slug":"papirove-archivy-jako-bezpecnostni-hrozba-proc-instituce-sazi-na-digitalizaci-dokumentu","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.souteze.cz\/magazin\/papirove-archivy-jako-bezpecnostni-hrozba-proc-instituce-sazi-na-digitalizaci-dokumentu\/","title":{"rendered":"Pap\u00edrov\u00e9 archivy jako bezpe\u010dnostn\u00ed hrozba \u2013 pro\u010d instituce s\u00e1z\u00ed na digitalizaci dokument\u016f"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p><strong>Po\u017e\u00e1<\/strong><strong>r, pl\u00edse\u0148, ztracen\u00e1 slo\u017eka nebo nekontrolovan\u00fd p\u0159\u00edstup \u2013 to nejsou sc<\/strong><strong>\u00e9n\u00e1\u0159e z katastrofick<\/strong><strong>\u00e9ho filmu, ale ka\u017edodenn\u00ed rizika pap\u00edrov\u00fd<\/strong><strong>ch archiv\u016f. Instituce p\u0159itom za fyzick<\/strong><strong>\u00e9 uchov\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed dokument\u016f plat\u00ed prostorem, \u010dasem i reputac\u00ed. Digitalizace dokument\u016f tato rizika neodstra\u0148uje m\u00e1vnut\u00edm kouzeln<\/strong><strong>\u00e9ho proutku, ale nab\u00edz\u00ed syst<\/strong><strong>\u00e9movou ochranu, kterou \u0161anon a kartot<\/strong><strong>\u00e9ka poskytnout nedok\u00e1\u017eou. P\u0159e\u010dt\u011bte si, kde p\u0159esn\u011b pap\u00ed<\/strong><strong>r selh\u00e1v\u00e1 a pro\u010d st\u00e1le v\u00edce organizac\u00ed vol\u00ed digit\u00e1ln\u00ed cestu.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Pap\u00edr p\u016fsob\u00ed jako spolehliv\u00fd a osv\u011bd\u010den\u00fd nosi\u010d informac\u00ed \u2013 a pr\u00e1v\u011b v tom spo\u010d\u00edv\u00e1 jeho z\u00e1ludnost. Instituce mu d\u016fv\u011b\u0159uj\u00ed ze setrva\u010dnosti, p\u0159esto\u017ee jako \u00falo\u017ei\u0161t\u011b citliv\u00fdch dat nespl\u0148uje prakticky \u017e\u00e1dn\u00fd modern\u00ed bezpe\u010dnostn\u00ed standard. Poj\u010fme si proj\u00edt <strong>konkr<\/strong><strong>\u00e9tn\u00ed m\u00edsta, kde pap\u00edrov\u00fd <\/strong><strong>archiv selh\u00e1v\u00e1<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2>Ohe\u0148, voda a lidsk\u00fd faktor \u2013 pro\u010d pap\u00edrov\u00e9 archivy volaj\u00ed po digitalizaci dokument\u016f<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Pap\u00edr (zpravidla) nem\u00e1 z\u00e1lo\u017en\u00ed kopii. Po\u017e\u00e1r ho str\u00e1v\u00ed za minuty, povode\u0148 prom\u011bn\u00ed spisy v rozb\u0159edlou ka\u0161i a pl\u00edsn\u011b potichu rozkl\u00e1daj\u00ed dokumenty \u2013 bez varov\u00e1n\u00ed a \u010dasto bez \u0161ance na z\u00e1chranu. <strong>K \u017eiveln\u00fdm hrozb\u00e1m p\u0159<\/strong><strong>ipo\u010dt\u011b<\/strong><strong>te kr\u00e1de\u017e<\/strong><strong>e, c\u00edlen<\/strong><strong>\u00e9 po\u0161kozov\u00e1n\u00ed nebo prostou lidskou nepozornost<\/strong>, kdy zam\u011bstnanec zalo\u017e\u00ed spis do nespr\u00e1vn\u00e9ho \u0161anonu, a z archivu se r\u00e1zem st\u00e1v\u00e1 past na data.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Probl\u00e9m p\u0159itom nekon\u010d\u00ed u jednor\u00e1zov\u00fdch katastrof. <strong>Pap\u00edr vyroben\u00fd mezi lety 1850 a 1980 obsahuje kysel<\/strong><strong>\u00e9 slo\u017eky, kter<\/strong><strong>\u00e9 ho postupn\u011b rozkl\u00e1daj\u00ed<\/strong> zevnit\u0159. N\u00e1rodn\u00ed archiv \u010cesk\u00e9 republiky spravuje p\u0159es 116 tis\u00edc b\u011b\u017en\u00fdch metr\u016f archiv\u00e1li\u00ed \u2013 a 95 % z nich tvo\u0159\u00ed pr\u00e1v\u011b dokumenty na tomto ohro\u017een\u00e9m materi\u00e1lu (zdroj: Ministerstvo vnitra \u010cR). Co plat\u00ed pro st\u00e1tn\u00ed archivy, plat\u00ed i pro men\u0161\u00ed organizace a \u00fa\u0159ady. Podrobn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed pohled na to, jak digitalizace archivu chr\u00e1n\u00ed \u00fa\u0159edn\u00ed spisy i mapy p\u0159ed ztr\u00e1tou a zastar\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00edm, nab\u00edz\u00ed tato str\u00e1nka: <a href=\"https:\/\/plan.copygeneral.cz\/\">https:\/\/plan.copygeneral.cz\/<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2>Kdo otev\u0159el slo\u017eku? Bez auditn\u00ed stopy to nezjist\u00edte<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Fyzick\u00fd archiv nedok\u00e1\u017ee odpov\u011bd\u011bt na z\u00e1kladn\u00ed ot\u00e1zku \u2013 <strong>kdo a kdy s dokumentem pracoval<\/strong>. \u017d\u00e1dn\u00fd z\u00e1znam o p\u0159\u00edstupu, \u017e\u00e1dn\u00e1 historie zm\u011bn, \u017e\u00e1dn\u00e9 sledov\u00e1n\u00ed pohybu spisu. Instituce, kter\u00e9 uchov\u00e1vaj\u00ed citliv\u00e9 \u00fadaje tak v praxi provozuj\u00ed syst\u00e9m, kde je jak\u00e1koli manipulace v&nbsp;z\u00e1sad\u011b t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 neodhaliteln\u00e1.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Pro veden\u00ed organizace to znamen\u00e1 nulov\u00fd p\u0159ehled o tom, zda n\u011bkdo dokument okop\u00edroval, p\u0159em\u00edstil nebo odstranil. <strong>Pro auditory a kontroln\u00ed org\u00e1ny jde o z\u00e1sadn\u00ed nedostatek<\/strong>. \u00da\u0159ad pro ochranu osobn\u00edch \u00fadaj\u016f p\u0159itom v\u00fdslovn\u011b \u0159ad\u00ed ztr\u00e1tu listinn\u00fdch dokument\u016f s osobn\u00edmi \u00fadaji mezi p\u0159\u00edpady poru\u0161en\u00ed zabezpe\u010den\u00ed, kter\u00e9 instituce ohla\u0161uj\u00ed do 72 hodin. <strong>Efektivn\u00ed <\/strong><strong>spr\u00e1va dokument\u016f bez dohledatelnosti manipulace zkr\u00e1tka nefunguje<\/strong> \u2013 a\u0165 jde o intern\u00ed audit, nebo o pln\u011bn\u00ed legislativn\u00edch povinnost\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2>\u010cas, prostor a legislativa \u2013 skryt\u00e1 cena pap\u00edrov\u00fdch archiv\u016f<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Bezpe\u010dnostn\u00ed rizika nejsou jedinou slabinou. <strong>Pap\u00edrov\u00fd archiv ka\u017ed\u00fd <\/strong><strong>den ti\u0161e po\u017e\u00edr\u00e1 provozn\u00ed rozpo\u010det<\/strong>. Vyhled\u00e1n\u00ed konkr\u00e9tn\u00edho spisu zabere \u00fa\u0159edn\u00edkovi v pr\u016fm\u011bru 15 a\u017e 20 minut \u2013 v digit\u00e1ln\u00edm syst\u00e9mu tot\u00e9\u017e trv\u00e1 p\u00e1r sekund. Fyzick\u00e9 \u00falo\u017ei\u0161t\u011b vy\u017eaduje des\u00edtky metr\u016f \u010dtvere\u010dn\u00edch klimatizovan\u00e9ho prostoru, pravidelnou \u00fadr\u017ebu a person\u00e1l pro manipulaci. <strong>Pr\u016fm\u011brn\u011b velk\u00fd \u00fa\u0159ad tak ro\u010dn\u011b ob\u011btuje stovky hodin pr\u00e1ce<\/strong>, kter\u00e9 jeho lid\u00e9 m\u00edsto vlastn\u00ed agendy tr\u00e1v\u00ed prohrab\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00edm \u0161anon\u016f a kartot\u00e9k.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Nad t\u00edm v\u0161\u00edm nav\u00edc vis\u00ed legislativn\u00ed tlak. Archivn\u00ed z\u00e1kon, z\u00e1kon o pr\u00e1vu na informace i eGovernment strategie \u2013 <strong>v\u0161echno sm\u011b\u0159uje k povinn<\/strong><strong>\u00e9 elektronizaci ve\u0159ejn<\/strong><strong>\u00e9 <\/strong><strong>spr\u00e1vy<\/strong>. Instituce, kter\u00e9 se nep\u0159izp\u016fsob\u00ed, riskuj\u00ed neefektivitu, ale i pr\u00e1vn\u00ed postih.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table><tbody><tr><td><strong>Krit<\/strong><strong>\u00e9<\/strong><strong>rium<\/strong><\/td><td><strong>Pap\u00edrov\u00fd <\/strong><strong>archiv<\/strong><\/td><td><strong>Digit\u00e1ln\u00ed <\/strong><strong>archiv<\/strong><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Vyhled\u00e1n\u00ed dokumentu<\/td><td>15\u201320 minut<\/td><td>sekundy<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Z\u00e1loha dat<\/td><td>neexistuje<\/td><td>automatick\u00e1, geo-replikovan\u00e1<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Auditn\u00ed stopa<\/td><td>\u017e\u00e1dn\u00e1<\/td><td>kompletn\u00ed historie p\u0159\u00edstup\u016f<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Sou\u010dasn\u00fd p\u0159\u00edstup v\u00edce osob<\/td><td>pouze fyzicky, jeden origin\u00e1l<\/td><td>odkudkoli, bez omezen\u00ed<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Prostorov\u00e9 n\u00e1roky<\/td><td>des\u00edtky m\u00b2 archivn\u00edch prostor<\/td><td>serverov\u00e9 nebo cloudov\u00e9 \u00falo\u017ei\u0161t\u011b<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h2>Co dok\u00e1\u017ee digitalizace dokument\u016f \u2013 a kde pot\u0159ebuje oporu v zabezpe\u010den\u00ed<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Systematick\u00e1 <strong>digitalizace dokument\u016f \u0159e\u0161\u00ed v\u0161echny v\u00fd\u0161e popsan<\/strong><strong>\u00e9 slabiny najednou<\/strong>:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul><li>skenov\u00e1n\u00ed dokument\u016f v odpov\u00eddaj\u00edc\u00edm rozli\u0161en\u00ed zajist\u00ed v\u011brnou digit\u00e1ln\u00ed kopii,<\/li><li>automatick\u00e9 z\u00e1lohov\u00e1n\u00ed eliminuje riziko nen\u00e1vratn\u00e9 ztr\u00e1ty<\/li><li>a \u0159\u00edzen\u00ed p\u0159\u00edstupov\u00fdch pr\u00e1v vr\u00e1t\u00ed instituci kontrolu nad t\u00edm, kdo s daty pracuje.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>Digit\u00e1ln\u00ed archiv nav\u00edc umo\u017e\u0148uje fulltextov\u00e9 vyhled\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed, sou\u010dasn\u00fd p\u0159\u00edstup v\u00edce u\u017eivatel\u016f a soulad s legislativn\u00edmi po\u017eadavky na dlouhodob\u00e9 uchov\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Jedno ale plat\u00ed bezv\u00fdhradn\u011b \u2013 <strong>digit\u00e1ln\u00ed archiv bez adekv\u00e1tn\u00edho kybernetick<\/strong><strong>\u00e9ho zabezpe\u010den\u00ed p\u0159edstavuje stejn<\/strong><strong>\u00e9, nebo dokonce v\u011bt\u0161\u00ed riziko ne\u017e pap\u00edrov\u00e9 \u0161anony<\/strong>. Instituce, kter\u00e1 investuje do digitalizace dokument\u016f, ale zanedb\u00e1 ochranu digit\u00e1ln\u00edho prost\u0159ed\u00ed, pouze p\u0159esune hrozbu z fyzick\u00e9ho sv\u011bta do kybernetick\u00e9ho. \u0160ifrov\u00e1n\u00ed, v\u00edcevrstv\u00e9 zabezpe\u010den\u00ed, pravideln\u00e9 penetra\u010dn\u00ed testy a certifikace podle uzn\u00e1van\u00fdch standard\u016f (<a href=\"https:\/\/www.iso.org\/standard\/27001\">ISO 27001<\/a>, GDPR) nejsou voliteln\u00fdm bonusem, ale podm\u00ednkou, bez kter\u00e9 cel\u00fd p\u0159echod do digit\u00e1lu ztr\u00e1c\u00ed smysl.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2>Archiv \u010dek\u00e1, data ne<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Pap\u00edrov\u00fd archiv nep\u0159estane st\u00e1rnout jen proto, \u017ee se o n\u011bm nikdo nebav\u00ed. Ka\u017ed\u00fd m\u011bs\u00edc bez systematick\u00e9ho p\u0159echodu na digit\u00e1ln\u00ed spr\u00e1vu dokument\u016f zvy\u0161uje pravd\u011bpodobnost, \u017ee instituce p\u0159ijde o data d\u0159\u00edv, ne\u017e si v\u016fbec v\u0161imne, \u017ee je v ohro\u017een\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Zdroj obr\u00e1zku: Alena Gerasimova \/ stock.adobe.com<\/p>\n<!--CusAds0-->\n<div style=\"font-size: 0px; height: 0px; line-height: 0px; margin: 0; padding: 0; clear: both;\"><\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Po\u017e\u00e1r, pl\u00edse\u0148, ztracen\u00e1 slo\u017eka nebo nekontrolovan\u00fd p\u0159\u00edstup \u2013 to nejsou sc\u00e9n\u00e1\u0159e z katastrofick\u00e9ho filmu, ale ka\u017edodenn\u00ed rizika pap\u00edrov\u00fdch archiv\u016f. Instituce p\u0159itom za fyzick\u00e9 uchov\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed dokument\u016f<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":10,"featured_media":19957,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[1179],"tags":[1376,1375,1374],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.souteze.cz\/magazin\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/19955"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.souteze.cz\/magazin\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.souteze.cz\/magazin\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.souteze.cz\/magazin\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/10"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.souteze.cz\/magazin\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=19955"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.souteze.cz\/magazin\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/19955\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":19958,"href":"https:\/\/www.souteze.cz\/magazin\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/19955\/revisions\/19958"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.souteze.cz\/magazin\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/19957"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.souteze.cz\/magazin\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=19955"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.souteze.cz\/magazin\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=19955"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.souteze.cz\/magazin\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=19955"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}